Types of alopecia and causes of the scalp problems.

There are different types of alopecia. Below you find the list of main types of hair loss:
Alopecia areata (AA) – is an autoimmune condition which causes patchy hair loss. It can result in a single bald patch or extensive patchy hair loss. The hair loss could be very quick (a couple of hours). It occurs in both adults and children. Around 50 % of patients have symptoms of this disesase before the age of 20. In most cases hair regrowth is observed.
Alopecia totalis (AT)– is a more advanced form of alopecia areata which results in total loss of all hair on the scalp. The patches are merging causes total loss of all hair.
Alopecia universalis (AU)–  is the most advanced form of alopecia areata which results in total loss of all hair on the body, often including eyelashes and eyebrows.
Androgenic alopecia (AGA)– this type of alopecia is known as male pattern baldness or female pattern baldness. It is a thinning of the hair to an almost transparent state, in both men or women. It is thought to be a hereditary form of hair loss and is the most common type of progressive hair loss. The cause is the susceptibility of hair follicles to androgenic miniaturization.This problem is the most common cause of hair loss and affect 70 % of men and 40 % of women at some point in their lifetimes.
Psoriasis– is a long lasting disease characterized by patches of abnormal skin. The skin patches typically are rounded, red, scaly and itchy. They occur most often on the elbows and knees, around the sacrum, often on the scalp. In some cases, the patches are itchy, more or less severe, which depends on the individual response to the inflammation.

Dandruff – is common scalp disorder affecting almost half of the population at the post-pubertal age and of any gender and ethnicity. Dandruff is manifested by shedding of dead skin cells from the scalp which does not cause skin inflammation. It shouldn’t be ignored because could cause very serious disease such as seborrhoeic dermatitis. There is two types of dandruff: greasy dandruff and dry dandruff. Greasy dandruff could cause alopecia when it isn’t treated.
Seborrhea – it refers to the scalp and skin mostly in the forehead, nose and interscapular region.
Seborrhoeic dermatitis – chronic disease causing skin lesions surrounding areas rich in oil glands, ie. the scalp (temples, forehead), face (eyebrows, nose) and upper torso. Changes are inflammatory and manifest themselves in the form of exfoliation, flushed and itchy outbreaks. In some cases there is effusion. Seborrhoeic dermatitis is characterized by frequent relapses. Inflammation leads to infection which is caused by Yeast and the emergence of the described lesions.